{"id":36758,"date":"2017-03-30T15:13:42","date_gmt":"2017-03-30T07:13:42","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.usim.edu.my\/uncategorized-ms\/obstructive-sleep-apnea\/"},"modified":"2017-03-31T09:30:06","modified_gmt":"2017-03-31T01:30:06","slug":"obstructive-sleep-apnea","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.usim.edu.my\/ms\/berita\/in-our-words-ms\/obstructive-sleep-apnea\/","title":{"rendered":"Obstructive Sleep Apnea"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-1 fusion-flex-container nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"background-color: rgba(255,255,255,0);background-position: center center;background-repeat: no-repeat;border-width: 0px 0px 0px 0px;border-color:#eae9e9;border-style:solid;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start\" style=\"max-width:1216.8px;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-0 fusion_builder_column_1_4 1_4 fusion-flex-column\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\" style=\"background-position:left top;background-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-background-size:cover;-moz-background-size:cover;-o-background-size:cover;background-size:cover;padding: 0px 0px 0px 0px;\"><div class=\"fusion-person person fusion-person-left fusion-person-1 fusion-person-icon-top\"><style>.fusion-person-1 .imageframe-liftup:before{-webkit-border-radius:6px;-moz-border-radius:6px;border-radius:6px;<\/style><div class=\"person-shortcode-image-wrapper imageframe-liftup\"><div class=\"person-image-container dropshadow person-rounded-overflow\" style=\"-webkit-border-radius:6px;-moz-border-radius:6px;border-radius:6px;border:0px solid #f6f6f6;-webkit-box-shadow: 3px 3px 7px rgba(0,0,0,0.3);box-shadow: 3px 3px 7px rgba(0,0,0,0.3);-webkit-border-radius:6px;-moz-border-radius:6px;border-radius:6px;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"person-img img-responsive\" src=\"http:\/\/www.usim.edu.my\/newusim\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/02\/mohamed-hisham.jpg\" alt=\"Dr. Mohamed Hisham Mohamed Jali @Yunos\" \/><\/div><\/div><div class=\"person-desc\"><div class=\"person-author\"><div class=\"person-author-wrapper\"><span class=\"person-name\">Dr. Mohamed Hisham Mohamed Jali @Yunos<\/span><span class=\"person-title\">Pensyarah Pergigian Fakulti Pergigian<\/span><\/div><\/div><div class=\"person-content fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><style type=\"text\/css\">.fusion-body .fusion-builder-column-0{width:25% !important;margin-top : 0px;margin-bottom : 20px;}.fusion-builder-column-0 > .fusion-column-wrapper {padding-top : 0px !important;padding-right : 0px !important;margin-right : 3.84%;padding-bottom : 0px !important;padding-left : 0px !important;margin-left : 7.68%;}@media only screen and (max-width:1024px) {.fusion-body .fusion-builder-column-0{width:25% !important;}.fusion-builder-column-0 > .fusion-column-wrapper {margin-right : 3.84%;margin-left : 7.68%;}}@media only screen and (max-width:640px) {.fusion-body .fusion-builder-column-0{width:100% !important;}.fusion-builder-column-0 > .fusion-column-wrapper {margin-right : 1.92%;margin-left : 1.92%;}}<\/style><\/div><\/div><style type=\"text\/css\">.fusion-body .fusion-flex-container.fusion-builder-row-1{ padding-top : 0px;margin-top : 0px;padding-right : 0px;padding-bottom : 0px;margin-bottom : 0px;padding-left : 0px;}<\/style><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-2 fusion-flex-container nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"background-color: rgba(255,255,255,0);background-position: center center;background-repeat: no-repeat;border-width: 0px 0px 0px 0px;border-color:#eae9e9;border-style:solid;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start\" style=\"max-width:calc( 1170px + 0px );margin-left: calc(-0px \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-0px \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-1 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\" style=\"background-position:left top;background-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-background-size:cover;-moz-background-size:cover;-o-background-size:cover;background-size:cover;padding: 0px 0px 0px 0px;\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-1\"><p><strong>Don\u2019t ignore the snore<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Many people may not realize why they become so sleepy in the day time instead of walking to bed early a night before. To make it worst, they might just fall asleep at any time regardless of the locations and situations. While delivering a lecture in class, watching exciting movies, sitting for an important examination or while driving a car, just to name a few. Unfortunately, in spite of those events, the exact cause remains mysterious. Many of them claim they walk to bed as early as 8 pm, but get up in weak and fatigue state. Clearly, it is a major problem. but they just never know what it is. It is like living in a fog.<\/p>\n<p>Well, they may suffer from a condition which is usually under recognised and under diagnosed which is known as Obstructive Sleep Apnea or commonly known as OSA. What is that? Is this condition treatable? Would this \u2018disease\u2019 spread to the others? Will it disappear by itself? Besides getting sleepy in the day time, will it harm our general health, beauty, appearance or our invaluable relationship? The answer is Yes and No.<\/p>\n<p><strong>So, what is Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>During sleep, a person may snore. Snore happens when there is a partial obstruction in upper airway, yet he is still able to breath. This sounds normal to you as many healthy people also snore. But in a person with OSA, the airflow in upper airway is completely blocked during sleep hence the inhaled air cannot go into the lungs. It is due to collapse of the soft tissue in the upper airway. When OSA occurs, you may stop breathing for short period of time. You will gasp for air and occasionally produce a choking sound before starting to breath again. This occurs on and off during sleep and will wake you up from a sleep.<\/p>\n<p><strong>During sleep, persons with OSA may have the followings (witnessed by partner, family members or housemate):<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Loud and irregular snoring<\/li>\n<li>Restless sleep (frequent tossing and turning)<\/li>\n<li>Nycturia (frequent urination at night)<\/li>\n<li>Enuresis (Involuntary urination, bet wetting)<\/li>\n<li>Jerky body movement<\/li>\n<li>Frequent productions of chocking sound and gasping for air.<\/li>\n<li>Sudden infant death syndrome may occur (in infant\/neonate)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Because of those events, they may show have these following symptoms while awake: <\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Morning headache<\/li>\n<li>Personality changes<\/li>\n<li>Loss of libido and impotence<\/li>\n<li>Hypersomnolences (unusual daytime sleepiness). May lead to dangerous event e.g. road traffic accident, injuries at workplace.<\/li>\n<li>Depression<\/li>\n<li>Struggle to pay attention or concentrate at work<\/li>\n<li>Shows performance problem at work<\/li>\n<li>Have poor concentration and impaired memory<\/li>\n<li>Mood swings<\/li>\n<li>Cardiopulmonary dysfunction:\n<ol>\n<li>hypertension<\/li>\n<li>cardiac arrhythmias<\/li>\n<li>heart failure<\/li>\n<li>polycythaemia<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<li>Sudden infant death syndrome<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.usim.edu.my\/newusim\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/Picture3.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-36732 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/www.usim.edu.my\/newusim\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/Picture3.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1669\" height=\"509\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.usim.edu.my\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/Picture3-200x61.jpg 200w, https:\/\/www.usim.edu.my\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/Picture3-300x91.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.usim.edu.my\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/Picture3-400x122.jpg 400w, https:\/\/www.usim.edu.my\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/Picture3-600x183.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.usim.edu.my\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/Picture3-768x234.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.usim.edu.my\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/Picture3-800x244.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.usim.edu.my\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/Picture3-1024x312.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.usim.edu.my\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/Picture3-1200x366.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/www.usim.edu.my\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/Picture3.jpg 1669w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1669px) 100vw, 1669px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>OSA is common in:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Snorers<\/li>\n<li>Male, woman past menopause<\/li>\n<li>Overweight or obese<\/li>\n<li>Person with large neck size (17 inches or more)<\/li>\n<li>Small airway (small lower jaw, abnormal face shape)<\/li>\n<li>Nasal blockage<\/li>\n<li>Congenital syndromes e.g. Down\u2019s syndrome, Pierre Robin Sequence ,Treacher Collins, Goldenhar\/Hemifacial microsomia<\/li>\n<li>Large tongue<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Diagnosis<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>OSA is diagnosed by a sleep study (polysomnogram). A sleep study can be conducted at a hospital centre or at your home. During this study, certain body functions will be measured and recorded throughout your overnight sleep.<\/p>\n<p><strong>How to treat this?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The treatment modalities will depend on what has caused the apnea. But all the modalities share the same objective; to expand the blocked\/narrowed airway. It can be classified into non-surgical and surgical therapy:<\/p>\n<p>Non-surgical therapy:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Weight loss<\/li>\n<li>Sleep hygiene<\/li>\n<li>pharmacotherapy<\/li>\n<li>CPAP (continuous positive airway pressure)<\/li>\n<li>Oral appliances (e.g. Somnodent)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Surgical therapy<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Tonsillectomy &amp; adenoidectomy<\/li>\n<li>UPPP (Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty)<\/li>\n<li>Hyoid bone suspension<\/li>\n<li>Tongue reduction surgery<\/li>\n<li>Nasal surgery<\/li>\n<li>Tracheostomy<\/li>\n<li>Orthognathic surgery<\/li>\n<li>Distraction osteogenesis<\/li>\n<li>Combination<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.usim.edu.my\/newusim\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/Picture5.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-36734 alignnone\" src=\"http:\/\/www.usim.edu.my\/newusim\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/Picture5.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1778\" height=\"555\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.usim.edu.my\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/Picture5-200x62.png 200w, https:\/\/www.usim.edu.my\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/Picture5-300x94.png 300w, https:\/\/www.usim.edu.my\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/Picture5-400x125.png 400w, https:\/\/www.usim.edu.my\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/Picture5-600x187.png 600w, https:\/\/www.usim.edu.my\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/Picture5-768x240.png 768w, https:\/\/www.usim.edu.my\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/Picture5-800x250.png 800w, https:\/\/www.usim.edu.my\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/Picture5-1024x320.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.usim.edu.my\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/Picture5-1200x375.png 1200w, https:\/\/www.usim.edu.my\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/Picture5.png 1778w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1778px) 100vw, 1778px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>In many centres\/hospitals, OSA management is a multidisciplinary team approach which usually consists of:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Respiratory physician<\/li>\n<li>Ear, Nose and Throat surgeon<\/li>\n<li>Dietitian \/nutritionist<\/li>\n<li>Orthodontist<\/li>\n<li>Oral &amp; maxillofacial Surgeon<\/li>\n<li>Cardiologist<\/li>\n<li>Paediatrician<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.usim.edu.my\/newusim\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/Picture4.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-36733 alignleft\" src=\"http:\/\/www.usim.edu.my\/newusim\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/Picture4.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"269\" height=\"249\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.usim.edu.my\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/Picture4-200x185.jpg 200w, https:\/\/www.usim.edu.my\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/Picture4.jpg 269w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 269px) 100vw, 269px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Conclusion<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>If you have the signs as described above, please seek for assessment and treatment. Early treatment will help to minimize the detrimental effects and complications which can be damaging not only to persons with this problem but also to their relatives or the loved ones. Quality of life will be jeopardized. OSA will be a life -threatening condition if remains untreated. In Malaysia, the health care facilities and services are ready at your disposal. Please take this opportunity before it\u2019s too late. Remember, <strong>don\u2019t ignore the snore.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>References<\/p>\n<p>AMERICAN THORACIC SOCIETY: Patient information series<\/p>\n<p>Dimitroulis, G. (1997). Obstructive sleep apnoea: the role of the oral and maxillofacial surgeon. Australian dental journal, 42(1), 25-29.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><style type=\"text\/css\">.fusion-body .fusion-builder-column-1{width:100% !important;margin-top : 0px;margin-bottom : 0px;}.fusion-builder-column-1 > .fusion-column-wrapper {padding-top : 0px !important;padding-right : 0px !important;margin-right : 0px;padding-bottom : 0px !important;padding-left : 0px !important;margin-left : 0px;}@media only screen and (max-width:1024px) {.fusion-body .fusion-builder-column-1{width:100% !important;}.fusion-builder-column-1 > .fusion-column-wrapper {margin-right : 0px;margin-left : 0px;}}@media only screen and (max-width:640px) {.fusion-body .fusion-builder-column-1{width:100% !important;}.fusion-builder-column-1 > .fusion-column-wrapper {margin-right : 0px;margin-left : 0px;}}<\/style><\/div><\/div><style type=\"text\/css\">.fusion-body .fusion-flex-container.fusion-builder-row-2{ padding-top : 0px;margin-top : 0px;padding-right : 0px;padding-bottom : 0px;margin-bottom : 0px;padding-left : 0px;}<\/style><\/div><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":12,"featured_media":36738,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[297],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.usim.edu.my\/ms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/36758"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.usim.edu.my\/ms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.usim.edu.my\/ms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.usim.edu.my\/ms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/12"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.usim.edu.my\/ms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=36758"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.usim.edu.my\/ms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/36758\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":36759,"href":"https:\/\/www.usim.edu.my\/ms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/36758\/revisions\/36759"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.usim.edu.my\/ms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/36738"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.usim.edu.my\/ms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=36758"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.usim.edu.my\/ms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=36758"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.usim.edu.my\/ms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=36758"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}